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- <text id=90TT1071>
- <title>
- Apr. 30, 1990: America Abroad
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Apr. 30, 1990 Vietnam 15 Years Later
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 50
- AMERICA ABROAD
- Defusing Baghdad's Bomb
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Strobe Talbott
- </p>
- <p> For the 45 years that Europe has been largely at peace, the
- Middle East has been plunged into war at least nine times.
- Europe is living proof that the balance of terror works: with
- so many weapons of mass destruction in so many arsenals, a
- single bullet fired in anger could touch off Armageddon.
- Therefore the guns are silent. The Middle East has had the
- benefit of no such inhibition: there is too much terror and too
- little balance.
- </p>
- <p> The focus of anxiety these days is Iraq. In the 1980s
- President Saddam Hussein used poison gas against not only Iran
- but also rebellious Iraqi Kurds. Last year he tested the
- Tammuz-1 ballistic missile, with a range of 1,240 miles. Four
- weeks ago, he was caught trying to smuggle into Iraq U.S.-made
- electrical devices for what Western experts are convinced is
- a project to build an atom bomb. Then, on April 2, Saddam vowed
- to "let our fire eat up half of Israel if it tries to wage
- anything against Iraq."
- </p>
- <p> "Israel," replied Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir, "will also
- know how to defend itself in the future and defeat the evil
- designs of its enemies." What Shamir did not say, but what
- everyone knows, is that Israel already has its own nuclear
- warheads as well as its own missiles.
- </p>
- <p> The fearful symmetry in that exchange of threats between
- Baghdad and Jerusalem is what mutual deterrence is all about.
- It echoes the tacit High Noon dialogue between Moscow and
- Washington in the worst days of the cold war.
- </p>
- <p> But who is to deter Saddam from brandishing his fire at the
- nuclear have-nots in the region, if only to discourage them
- from rushing to become haves? The answer now is no one. The
- answer may eventually have to be the U.S.
- </p>
- <p> W. Seth Carus of the Washington Institute for Near East
- Policy last week proposed that the U.S. extend some form of
- defense umbrella to cover Kuwait, whose territory Iraq claims,
- and Saudi Arabia, whose royal family is uneasy about Saddam's
- undisguised ambitions to dominate the region. Carus imagines
- the U.S. offering protection to these and other friendly
- countries within range of the Tammuz-1. The model might be the
- U.S. guarantee of South Korea's security against North Korea,
- which is also believed to be developing the Bomb.
- </p>
- <p> This may be an idea whose time has not yet come, but it is
- worth thinking about. American Government officials shudder
- when they do so. They would prefer to rely on traditional
- diplomacy aimed at defusing regional tensions and restricting
- the proliferation of nuclear technology. The trouble is, the
- Iraqi weapons program is moving along much more briskly than
- the peace process. Some experts predict that Saddam will
- achieve his heart's desire within three years. When that
- happens, the U.S. President had better have something more to
- say than "Well, we tried."
- </p>
- <p> At least initially, the American public and Congress are
- likely to oppose new entanglements overseas, particularly now
- that the cold war is ending. But the success of U.S. policy in
- one part of the world is no reason for reluctance to apply the
- lessons of that experience elsewhere. In Europe nuclear
- deterrence has held enemies at bay long enough for the
- underlying political and ideological tensions finally to be
- fading. In the Middle East deterrence may have to be imported.
- Better that than nuclear devices. Saddam's pretensions to
- being a regional superpower may have to be kept in check by the
- U.S.'s status as a global superpower. In that task, the U.S.
- may even find an interested, and interesting, partner in
- another country whose territory is within reach of the
- Tammuz-1: the U.S.S.R.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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